英语阅览了解考研真题(共10篇)(我做考研英语阅读)

【简介】谢谢网友“twdsfz”参加投稿，下面是修改为我们收拾的英语阅览了解考研真题（共10篇），仅供参阅，我们一同来看看吧。
篇1:阅览了解真题考研英语text 3
the us$3-million fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as alexander polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in march. and it is far from the only one of its type. as a news feature article in nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the nobel prizes in recent years. many, like the fundamental physics prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of internet entrepreneurs. these benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.
what’s not to like? quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the news feature. you cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the nobels, the new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. they could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. they could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. they do not fund peer-reviewed research. they perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.
the goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism.some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.
as nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. the breakthrough prize in life sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include.but the nobel foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the higgs boson. the nobels were, of course,themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.
as much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. first, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere, it is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. it is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.
31.the fundamental physical prize is seen as
[a]a symbol of the entrepreneurs’s wealth.
[b]a possible replacement of the nobel prize.
[c]an example of bankers’ investment.
[d]a handsome reward for researchers.
32.the phrase “to sign on”(line 3,para.2) most probably means
[a]the profit-oriented scientists.
[b]the founders of the new award.
[c]the achievement-based system.
[d]peer-review-led research.
33.what promoted the chancellor to develop his scheme?
[a]controversies over the recipients’ status.
[b]the joint effort of modern researchers.
[c]legitimate concerns over the new prize.
[d]the demonstration of research findings.
34.according to paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one one feel
[a]their endurance has done justice to them.
[b]their legitimacy has long been in dispute.
[c]they are the most representative honor.
[d]history has never cast doubt on them.
35.to which of the following would the author most probably agree?
[a]acceptable despite the criticism.
[b]harmful to the culture of research.
[c]subject to undesirable changes.
[d]unworthy of public attention.
篇2:英语阅览了解考研真题text 2
an old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . in the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . by watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.
in the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? or should they have explicit permission?
in december america’s federal trade cornmission (ftc) proposed adding a “do not track ”(dnt) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .microsoft’s internet explorer and apple’s safari both offer dnt ;谷歌’s chrome is due to do so this year. in february the ftc and digltal adwertising alliance (daa) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to dnt requests.
on may 31st microsoft set off the row: it said that internet explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have dnt as a default.
it is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. geting a dnt signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with microsoft’s default, some may ignore a dnt signal and press on anyway.
also unclear is why microsoft has gone it alone. atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with dnt requests, though it is still working out how. if it is trying to upset 谷歌, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. dnt does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with 谷歌’s on that count before. brendon lynch, microsoft’s chief privacy officer, bloggde:“we believe consumers should have more control.” could it really be that simple?
26. it is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:
[a] ease competition among themselves
[b] lower their operational costs
[c] avoid complaints from consumers
[d] provide better online services
27. “the industry” (line 6,para.3) refers to:
[a] online advertisers
[b] e-commerce conductors
[c] digital information analysis
[d] internet browser developers
28. bob liodice holds that setting dnt as a default
[a] many cut the number of junk ads
[b] fails to affect the ad industry
[c] will not benefit consumers
[d] goes against human nature
29. which of the following is ture according to paragraph.6?
[a] dnt may not serve its intended purpose
[b] advertisers are willing to implement dnt
[c] dnt is losing its popularity among consumers
[d] advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads
30. the author’s attitude towards what brendon lynch said in his blog is one of:
[a] indulgence
[b] understanding
[c] appreciaction
[d] skepticism
篇3:英语阅览了解考研真题text 2
all around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. but there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than america.
during the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in america grew twice as fast as inflation. the best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. but most law graduates never get a big-firm job. many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.
there are many reasons for this. one is the excessive costs of a legal education. there is just one path for a lawyer in most american states: a four-year undergraduate degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the american bar association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. this leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.
reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. one idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. if the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.the other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. except in the district of columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. this keeps fees high and innovation slow. there is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
in fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. after all, other countries, such as australia and britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. america should follow.
26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to
[a]the growing demand from clients.
[b]the increasing pressure of inflation.
[c]the prospect of working in big firms.
[d]the attraction of financial rewards.
27.which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most american states?
[a]higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.
[b]admissions approval from the bar association.
[c]pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.
[d]receiving training by professional associations.
28.hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from
[a]lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance.
[b]the rigid bodies governing the profession.
[c]the stem exam for would-be lawyers.
[d]non-professionals’ sharp criticism.
29.the guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive” partly because it
[a]bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession.
[b]keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.
[c]aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.
[d]prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.
30.in this text, the author mainly discusses
[a]flawed ownership of america’s law firms and its causes.
[b]the factors that help make a successful lawyer in america.
[c]a problem in america’s legal profession and solutions to it.
[d]the role of undergraduate studies in america’s legal education.
篇4:考研阅览了解英语一真题text 3
the journal science is adding an extra source at peer-review process, editor-in-chief marcia mcnott announced today. the follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the published research findings.
“readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes mcnutt in an editorial. working with the american statistical association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s editors, or by its existing board of reviewing editors or by outside peer the sbore panel will then find external statisticians to review these
asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, mcnutt said,“the creation of the’statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”
giovanni parmigiani，a biostatistician at the harvard school of public health, a member of the sbore group, says he expects the board to “play primarily on advisory role.” he agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the sbore to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. this impact will not only be through the publications in science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after science.”
john ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward”and “long overdue,”“most journals are weak in statistical review，and this damages the quality of what they publish. i think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,”he says. but he noted that biomedical journals such as annals of internal medicine, the journal of the american medical association and the lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.
professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research，according to david vaux，a cell biologist. researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in ，but journals should also take a tougher line，“engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.”vaux says that science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit，but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify’the papers that need scrutiny’in the first place.”
31. it can be learned from paragraph i that
[a] science intends to simplify its peer-review process.
[b]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.
[c]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.
[d]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.
32. the phrase “flagged up ”(para.2)is the closest in meaning to
[a]found.
[b]revised.
[c]marked
[d]stored
33. giovanni parmigiani believes that the establishment of the sbore may
[a]pose a threat to all its peers
[b]meet with strong opposition
[c]increase science’s circulation.
[d]set an example for other journals
34. david vaux holds that what science is doing now
a. adds to researchers’ worklosd.
b. diminishes the role of reviewers.
c. has room for further improvement.
d. is to fail in the foreseeable future.
35. which of the following is the best title of the text?
a. science joins push to screen statistics in papers
b. professional statisticians deserve more respect
c. data analysis finds its way onto editors’ desks
d. statisticians are coming back with science
31.b journals are strengthening their statistical checks
32.b marked
33. d set an example for other journals
34. c has room for further improvement
35.a science joins push to screen statistics in papers
篇5:考研阅览了解英语一真题text 3
now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to pandemic flu to climate change. you might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.
but such gloominess is misplaced. the fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years – so why shouldn’t we? take a broader look at our species’ place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years (see “100,000 ad: living in the deep future”). look up homo sapiens in the iucn’s “red list” of threatened species, and you will read: “listed as least concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.”
so what does our deep future hold? a growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. for example, the long now foundation, based in san francisco, has created a forum where thinkers and scientists are invited to project the implications of their ideas over very long timescales. its flagship project is a mechanical clock, buried deep inside a mountain in texas, that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.
then there are scientists who are giving serious consideration to the idea that we should recognise a new geological era: the anthropocene. they, too, are pulling the camera right back and asking what humanity’s impact will be on the planet – in the context of stratigraphic time.
perhaps perversely, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. the potential evolution of today’s technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it’s perhaps best left to science-fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. that’s one reason why we have launched arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.
but take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. as so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.
this long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. to be sure, the future is not all rosy: while our species may flourish, a great many individuals may not. but we are now knowledgeable enough to mitigate many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come. thinking about our place in deep time is a good way to focus on the challenges that confront us today, and to make a future worth living in.
31. our vision of the future used to be inspired by
[a] our desire for ares of fulfillment
[b] our faith in science and teched
[c] our awareness of potential risks
[d] our bdief in equal opportunity
32. the iucn“rod list”suggest that human beings on
[a] a sustained species
[b] the word’s deminant power
[c] a threat to the environment
[d] a misplaced race
33. which of the following is true according to paragraph 5?
[a] arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.
[b] technology offers solutions to social problem.
[c] the interest in science fiction is on the rise.
[d] our immediate future is hard to conceive.
34. to ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to
[a] explore our planet’s abundant resources.
[b] adopt an optimistic view of the world.
[c] draw on our experience from the past.
[d] curb our ambition to reshape history.
35. which of the following would be the best title for the text?
[a] uncertainty about our future
[b] evolution of the human species
[c] the ever-bright prospects of mankind.
[d] science, technology and humanity.
篇6:阅览了解考研英语二真题text3
even in traditional offices，“the lingua franca of corporate america has gottenmuch more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago，” said ha rva rd business school professor nancy koehn she sta rted spinning off examples.“if you and i pa rachuted back to fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission,passion. there were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but we didn’t talk about energy;we didn’t talk about passion.”
koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabula ry is very “team”-oriented-and not by coincidence.“let’s not forget sdorts-in male-dominated corporate america，it’s still a big deal. it’s not explicitly conscious;it’s the idea that i’m a coach，and you’re my team，and we’re in this togethec. there are lots and lots of ceos in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win”.
these terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as khu rana points out，increase allegiance to the firm.“you have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations:terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，”saidkhurana
this new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance the “mommy wars” of the 1990s a re still going on today, prompting arguments about whywomen still can’thave it all and books like sheryl sandberg’s lean in，whose title has become abuzzword in its own right. terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，andcapacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home but ifyour work is your “passion,” you’ii be more likely to devote yourself to it，even ifthat means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed
but this seems to be the irony of office speak:everyone makes fun of it，butmanage rs love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb itas nunberg said，“you can get people to think it’s nonsense at

the same timethat you buy into it.” in a workplace that’s fundamentally indiffe rent to your lifeand its meaning office speak can help you figu re out how you relate to yourwork-and how your work defines who you are
31. according to nancy koehn, office language has become________
[a]more e motional
[b]more objective
[c]less energetic
[d]less energetic
[e]less strategic
32.“team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to________
[a]historical incidents
[b]gender difference
[c]sports culture
[d]athletic executives
33.khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to________
[a]revive historical terms
[b]promote company image
[c]foster corporate cooperation
[d]strengthen employee loyalty
34.it can be inferred that lean in_________
[a]voices for working women
[b]appeals to passionate workaholics
[c]triggers dcbates among mommies
[d]praises motivated employees
35.which of the following statements is true about office speak?
[a]managers admire it but avoid it
[b]linguists believe it to be nonsense
[c]companies find it to be fundamental
[d]regular people mock it but accept it
答案:
31.a more emotional
32.c sports culture
33.d strengthen employee loyalty
34.a voices for working women
35.c companies find it to be fundamental
篇7:考研英语一阅览了解真题text 1
in order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency,” george orbome, chancellor of the exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a cv register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit-and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. what could be more reasonable?
more apparent reasonableness followed. there will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.” he claimed. “we’re doing these things because we know they help people say off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster” help? really? on first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsides laziness. what motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”-protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. it is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. you are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. you are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.
but in osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency —permanent dependency if you can get it — supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. it is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. the principle of british welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” — invented in — is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions.instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at ?71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the eu.
21.george osborne’s scheme was intended to
[a]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits.
[b]encourage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking.
[c]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily.
[d]guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits.
22.the phrase “to sign on”(line 3,para.2) most probably means
[a]to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre.
[b]to accept the government’s restrictions on the allowance.
[c]to register for an allowance from the government.
[d]to attend a governmental job-training program.
23.what promoted the chancellor to develop his scheme?
[a]a desire to secure a better life for all.
[b]an eagerness to protect the unemployed.
[c]an urge to be generous to the claimants.
[d]a passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.
24.according to paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one one feel
[a]uneasy.
[b]enraged.
[c]insulted.
[d]guilty.
25.to which of the following would the author most probably agree?
[a]the british welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.
[b]osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.
[c]the jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.
[d]unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.
篇8:阅览了解考研英语二真题text 3
the power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing-amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain whole foods for $l3.5bn,but two years ago facebook paid even more than that to acquire the whatsapp messaging service, which doesn’t have any physical product at all. what whatsapp offered facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’ friendships and social lives.
facebook promised the european commission then that it would not link phone numbers to facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. even without knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. what political journalist, what party whip, would not want to know the makeup of the whatsapp groups in which therea may’s enemies are currently plotting? it may be that the value of whole foods to amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.
competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. but it is clumsy. for one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. by the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. but there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them. the users of their services are not their customers. that would be the people who buy advertising from them-and facebook and 谷歌, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.
the product they’re selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to date for the benefit of the digital giants. just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew the produce when they feed, so 谷歌 farms us for the data that our digital lives yield. ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; gmail keeps the spamme out of our inboxes. it doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship, even if both sides benefit.
31. according to paragraph 1, facebook acquired whatsapp for its .
[a] digital products
[b] user information
[c] physical assets
[d] quality service
32. linking phone numbers to facebook identities may .
[a] worsen political disputes
[b] mess up customer records
[c] pose a risk to facebook users
[d] mislead the european commission
33. according to the author, competition law .
[a] should sever the new market powers
[b] may worsen the economic imbalance
[c] should not provide just one legal solution
[d] cannot keep pace with the changing market
34. competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect facebook users because .
[a] they are not defined as customers
[b] they are not financially reliable
[c] the services are generally digital
[d] the services are paid for by advertisers
35. the ants analogy is used to illustrate .
[a] a win-win business model between digital giants
[b] a typical competition pattern among digital giants
[c] the benefits provided for digital giants ’customers
[d] the relationship between digital giants and their users
篇9:考研英语阅览了解真题试题could the bad olddays of economic decline be about to return? since opec agreed to supply-cutsin march, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up fromless than $10 last december. this near-tripling of oil prices calls up scarymemories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, whenthey also almost tripled. both previous shocks resulted in double-digitinflation and global economic decline. so where are the headlines warning ofgloom and doom this time?
the oil price was given another push up this week when iraqsuspended oil exports. strengthening economic growth, at the same time aswinter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in theshort term。
yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences nowto be less severe than in the 1970s. in most countries the cost of crude oilnow accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the1970s. in europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, soeven quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pumpprices than in the past。
rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, andso less sensitive to swings in the oil price. energy conservation, a shift toother fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensiveindustries have reduced oil consumption. software, consultancy and mobiletelephones use far less oil than steel or car production. for each dollar ofgdp rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in1973. the oecd estimates in its latest economic outlook that, if oil pricesaveraged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in , this wouldincrease the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of gdp. thatis less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. on the other hand,oil-importing emerging economiesto which heavy industry has shiftedhave become moreenergy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed。
one more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices isthat, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the backgroundof general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. a sizableportion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. theeconomist s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. in1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%， and in 1979 byalmost 30%。
31. the main reason for the latest rise of oil price is
[a]global inflation.
[b]reduction in supply。
[c]fast growth in economy.
[d]iraq s suspension of exports。
32. it can be inferred from the text that the retail price ofpetrol will go up dramatically if
[a]price of crude rises.
[b]commodity prices rise。
[c]consumption rises.
[d]oil taxes rise。
33. the estimates in economic outlook show that in rich countries
[a]heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive。
[b]income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices。
[c]manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed。
[d]oil price changes have no significant impact on gdp。
34. we can draw a conclusion from the text that
[a]oil-price shocks are less shocking now。
[b]inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks。
[c]energy conservation can keep down the oil prices。
[d]the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry。
35. from the text we can see that the writer seems
[a]optimistic.
[b]sensitive.
[c]gloomy.
[d]scared。
名师解析
31. the main reason for the latest rise of oil price is 迩来的油价上涨的首要缘由是
[a]global inflation. 全球通货胀大。
[b]reduction in supply。供给量削减。
[c]fast growth in economy. 快速的经济增加。
[d]iraq s suspension of exports. 伊拉克暂时中止石油出口。
【答案】 b
【考点】 实际细节题。
【分析】 根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话since opec agreed to supply-cuts in march, the price of crude oilhas jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last december。，阐明因为石油输出国抉择降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是[b]。[d]不是该表象的首要缘由，因为opec的有关抉择才是可以影响石油价格的走势的首要缘由。
32. it can be inferred from the text that the retail price ofpetrol will go up dramatically if
从文中可以揣度出，假定________，汽油的零价格格将会剧烈上升。
[a]price of crude rises. 原油价格上升。
[b]commodity prices rise. 日用百货价格上升。
[c]consumption rises. 花费上升。
[d]oil taxes rise. 油税上升。
【答案】 d
【考点】 揣度题。
【分析】 根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话in europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price，so evenquite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump pricesthan in the past。.意思是说在欧洲，税占汽油的零价格的五分之四，因而比较以往，原油的价格改变对汽油的影响不会很显着。也就是说税的添加会致使汽油价格的猛涨，而原油价格的改变带来的影响不会很大。本题一个了解的难度是muted effect，另外一个是pump price。mute标明哑巴的，无声的，缄默沉静的，和effect连用，标明影响不显着而pump price是一个很形象的说法，pump指的是泵，这儿很形象用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析，可以得出答案是[d]。
33. the estimates in economic outlook show that in rich countries
《经济展望》的评价标明在富国
[a] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive。
重工业变得愈加动力密布型。
[b] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices。
收入丢掉首要因为不坚决的原油价格构成。
[c] manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed。
制造业面临严峻影响。
[d] oil price changes have no significant impact on gdp。
油价改变对国民出产总值没有大的影响。
【答案】 d
【考点】 揣度题。
【分析】 根据本题的要害词《经济展望》的估量可以定位到the oecd estimates in its latest economic outlook that, if oilprices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, thiswould increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%-0.5% of gdp。。也就是说，油价的上涨对gdp 的影响很小，只需0.25%0.5%。因而咱们可以得出答案[d]。
34. we can draw a conclusion from the text that 从文中咱们可以得出的结论是
[a] oil-price shocks are less shocking now. 油价冲击现已不再那么耸人听闻。
[b] inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks. 通货胀大看起来和油价冲击无关。
[c] energy conservation can keep down the oil prices. 动力贮藏可以使油价降低。
[d] the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavyindustry。
原油价格的上升致使重工业的萎缩。
【答案】 a
【考点】 文章主旨题。
【分析】 本题的几个选项需要通篇了解。文章第三段指出油价的经济影响不会那么严峻，作者指出其缘由是原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高，兴隆国家对石油的依靠削弱，这次涨价的布景纷歧样了。文章最终一段说这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不一样，对各国的影响也根柢没有反映出来，连物价根柢都没有改变，也就是说，油价冲击现已不是那么可怕。所以答案是[a]。
35. from the text we can see that the writer seems 从这篇文章中咱们可以看出作者看上去是
[a] optimistic. 旷达的。 [b] sensitive。活络的。
[c] gloomy. 沮丧的。 [d] scared。惊骇的。
【答案】 a
【考点】 作者情绪题。
【分析】 这篇文章作者首要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。特别是第三段和最终一段的第一句话，偏重我们不必忧虑这次油价上涨，因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不一样。由此可见作者的情绪是旷达的。
难句解析:
1. strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter gripsthe northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short time。
【规划分析】本句的主语是strengthening economic growth，谓语是could push，刺进成分是一个时刻状语，其间有一个as引导的定语从句，润饰time。
2. the oecd estimates in its latest economic outlook that, if oilprices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, thiswould increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of gdp。
【规划分析】本句的主句是the oecd estimates… that，if引导一个条件状语，comparedwith $13 in 1998是曩昔分词短语做比照状语，主句是this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only0.25-0.5% of gdp，其间的主语this指代的是if条件句。
3.one more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices isthat, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the backgroundof general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand。
【规划分析】本句的骨干是one more reason is that.。.。在that引导的表语从句中，它的主语是it，指代的是the rise in oil prices。
全文翻译:
曩昔经济式微的糟糕日子会不会重来?自从石油输出国组织在3月附和削减原油供给，原油的价格现已从上一年12月的不到10美元一桶上升到约26美元一桶。这次近3倍的涨价令人想起了1973年的惊惧，其时油价上涨了4倍;以及1979d1980年的那一次，其时的油价也上涨了近3倍。前两次的石油惊惧都致使了两位数的通货胀大和全球性的经济衰退。那么这次警告我们厄运降临的头版新闻都到哪里去了呢?
本周伊拉克暂停石油出口，这又一次推进着油价上扬。微弱的经济增加气势，加上北半球冬天的到来，有可以在短期内使石油价格涨得更高。
可是，咱们有充分的理由预期这次油价暴升带来的经济影响不会像70年代那么严峻。如今大都国家的原油价格占汽油价格的比例比70年代要小许多。在欧洲，税占了汽油零价格的4/5，因而，即便原油价格发生很大的不坚决，汽油价格所受的影响也不会像曩昔那么显着。
兴隆国家对石油的依靠也比早年要少得多，因而对油价的不坚决也就不会那么活络。动力贮藏、燃料替代以及动力密布型重工业的重要性的降低，都削减了石油耗费。软件、征询及移动通讯耗费的石油，比钢铁、轿车作业少得多。兴隆国家国民出产总值中每一个美元所耗费的石油量比1973年少了近一半。世界经合组织在其迩来一期的《经济展望》中估量，假定全年油价均价22美元支配，与的13美元一桶比较，这只是会使兴隆国家的石油进口在开支上添加gdp的0.25%d0.5%。这还不到1974年或1980年收入丢掉有些的1/4。另一方面，因为重工业转移至一些新式石油进口国，它们对动力可以愈加活络，也更可以会遭到激烈影响。
另外一个不该因油价上升而失眠的缘由是，与70年代的上涨不一样，这次油价上升的大布景不是广泛的物价暴升及全球过旺的需要。世界上许多区域才刚刚走出经济式微。《经济学家》的产品价格指数一年来总的来说没有啥改变。1973年的产品价格跃升了70%，而1979年也上升了近30%。
1.考研英语真题阅览了解试题及解析
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篇10:考研英语阅览了解真题及解析when a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. with regard to futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever futurist poetry may bedeven admitting that the theory on which it is based may be rightdit can hardly be classed as literature，this, in brief, is what the futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. this speeding up of life, says the futurist, requires a new form of expression. we must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. we must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will。
certainly their deions of battles are confused. but it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a turkish and a bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river―and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “ pluff! pluff! a hundred and eighty-five kilograms。”
this, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as literature. all the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. the whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?
19. this passage is mainly____。
[a]a survey of new approaches to art
[b]a review of futurist poetry
[c]about merits of the futurist movement
[d]about laws and requirements of literature
20. when a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____。
[a]determine its purposes
[b]ignore its flaws
[c]follow the new fashions
[d]accept the principles
21. futurists claim that we must____。
[a]increase the production of literature
[b]use poetry to relieve modern stress
[c]develop new modes of expression
[d]avoid using adjectives and verbs
22. the author believes that futurist poetry is____。
[a]based on reasonable principles
[b]new and acceptable to ordinary people
[c]indicative of basic change in human nature
[d]more of a transient phenomenon than literature
名师解析
19. this passage is mainly____. 这篇文章中心思维是____。
[a]a survey of new approaches to art 对新的艺术理论的查询
[b]a review of futurist poetry 对将来派诗歌的谈论
[c]about merits of the futurist movement 有关将来派运动的利益
[d]about laws and requirements of literature 有关文学的规则和需求
【答案】 b
【考点】 文章主旨题。
【分析】 这篇文章第一段说到“至于将来派诗歌，情况却有点难，因为即便招认将来派诗歌理论根据可以正确，不管它是怎样的，也很难称之为文学”。第二段说到“将来主义者声称，这种加速的日子需要一种新的表达方法，考研英语《考研英语真题阅览了解试题及名师解析(三)》。假定咱们想说明现代社会的压力，就有必要加速文学的速度”。第三段例举了一个将来文学的比方，指出其难以承受。最终一段仍然是对将来文学的批判。因而咱们看出这篇文章是一篇文学谈论，而且是对将来文学的谈论。只需选择[b]。
20. when a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____。
当呈现一个新的文学理念时，我们大约尽力_____。
[a]determine its purposes 断定它的方针
[b]ignore its flaws 无视它的缺陷
[c]follow the new fashions 跟从这个新的潮流
[d]accept the principles 承受原则
【答案】 a
【考点】 实际细节题。
【分析】 本题可以定位到第一段第一句“每当一个新艺术思潮抵达必定盛行程度时，(在评价它之前)最佳先找出其建议者的意图”。
21. futurists claim that we must____。
将来主义者声称咱们有必要____。
[a]increase the production of literature 加大文学的产出
[b]use poetry to relieve modern stress 用诗歌来减轻现代的压力
[c]develop new modes of expression 开宣告新的表达方法
[d]avoid using adjectives and verbs 避免运用描述词和动词
【答案】 c
【考点】 实际细节题。
【分析】 根据题干，咱们无法定位就任何一段，只能经过具体的选项来做具体的判别。[a]选项差错，文中并没有说到要加大文学的产出，尽管文中说到“假定咱们想说明现代社会的压力，就有必要加速文学的速度。”可是这句话的意思不是要加大文学的产出，而是加速文学的节奏。[b]选项差错，因为文中在说到压力的时分，只是说?得鳌?interpret)压力，而没有说用诗歌来减轻现代的压力。[d]选项差错，文中说到描述词和动词的当地是第二段“咱们有必要许多运用根柢词汇，不受句号，润饰性描述词及限制动词的捆绑”这一句。可是并没有说避免运用描述词和动词。[c]选项“开宣告新的表达方法”这个说法适合，因为文中第二段说到“将来主义者声称，这种加速的日子需要一种新的表达方法”。
22. the author believes that futurist poetry is_____. 作者信赖将来派诗歌是_____。
[a]based on reasonable principles 根据合理的原则
[b]new and acceptable to ordinary people 对一般人而言是新的可承受的
[c]indicative of basic change in human nature 闪现出人道中根柢的改变
[d]more of a transient phenomenon than literature
与其说是文学不如说是一种暂时的表象
【答案】 d
【考点】 中心主旨题。
【分析】 在这篇文章最终一段，作者说“没有一个长于思考的人会回绝承受他们的首要主张，即情感日子的无量改变需求表达方法也随之改变。实践疑问是:咱们发生了根柢的改变吗?”这个疑问实践上就现已否定了将来主义者的首要主张，即他们对前史和实际的知道是不正确的，所以其理论根据是站不住脚的。所以说将来派诗歌并没有平稳的理论基础，只是一个暂时的表象。
难句解析:
1. when a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal。
【规划分析】 本句可以分为两个有些，“for”为分界词。在前半有些中“it”是方法主语，真实的主语是“to”引导的不定式短语，这个短语中又呈现了一个宾语从句。“when”引导一个状语从句，标明时刻。后半句中“it”仍然是方法主语，“that”引导一个主语从句。“however”引导一个让步状语从句。
2. with regard to futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever futurist poetry may be―even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right―it can hardly be classed as literature。
【规划分析】 本句是一个因果联络的并排句。前一个分句的主句是“the case is rather difficult”，其间“however”标明此句与上一句之间是转机联络;原因为“for”之后的有些，其间破折号之间的有些是刺进语，标明一种让步，“on which it is based”是“the theory”的定语从句，“it”指代“futurist poetry”。
3. but it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a turkish and a bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river―and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “pluff! pluff! a hundred and eighty-five kilograms。”
【规划分析】 本句“it”是方法主语，真实的主语是动词不定式“to read”及后边的宾语从句和“to find”及这今后边的宾语从句。“read”的宾语从句是“that a certain line describes a fight between a turkish and a bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river”;“find”的宾语从句是“that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: ‘pluff! pluff! a hundred an
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【简介】谢谢网友“twdsfz”参加投稿，下面是修改为我们收拾的英语阅览了解考研真题（共10篇），仅供参阅，我…

【简介】谢谢网友“twdsfz”参加投稿，下面是修改为我们收拾的英语阅览了解考研真题（共10篇），仅供参阅，我…